Low Cost Solar Water Desalination Environmental Sciences Essay

Low Cost Solar wet Desalination Environmental Sciences turn outAbstract- This research paper covers different types of low cost solar piss desalinization techniques. This paper also describes methods for solar water desalination process at large scale with less cost.Keywords- solar water desalination, sea-water desalination, brackish water desalination, low cost water desalination, water purification.IntroductionOur world consists of 97.2% water scarce this water is not in employmentable form.1 This water depose be usable if it gets purify. Purification of sea water is very costly task. This paper describes methods to disregard cost of this purification process which are currently used by different countries.Solar water desalinationWater desalination is the process in which we purify seawater or brackish water and make it useable.Solar water desalination is the process in which we purify seawater or brackish water through solar aptitude and make it useable for drinking.Fig. 1 Solar water desalination process2Ambient energy systemWorkingIn this system, energy required for condenser and evaporator is generated through solar panels. This engineering science is suitable for model villages. The basic idea in this technology is that fix the solar panels on the roof of each house. Connect these panels with heat pump that generates electricity. This heat pump is then connected to the evaporator and condenser. Sea water is then pumped in evaporator and condenser. subsequently this process we get fresh water that can be stored in tank.Fig. 2 Ambient energy system for water desalination.3CostThis system is utilize in most of the countries. Its average cost is US$ 1.8/m3.3SOLAR STILL PLATE DISTILLATIONWorkingThis method can commonly be use at home as shown in fig.3. In this method, flat solar still is used. This system is not suitable for large amount of desalination. As you can see in fig.3 in which fresh water is getting store in a glass. In this process wa ter is passed through the surface of flat solar still and by sunlight these plates get heated and then water get boil. This water is store from the lower side of solar still. virtuoso 120 cm long and 60 cm wide with a collector area of 0.7 Sq. m solar still plate can change 2.5 3.5 litres of water in a day. 4 solar still can purify 10 12 litres of water in a day which is fair to middling for single family.CostThis desalination process is very cheap and its cost is Rs.300 per litre production.4Fig.3 Flat plate solar distillation4Simple sea water desalination plantWorkingIn this system, spherical shaped tank is used which is made up of solid glass. firstly connect spherical tank and artificial lake tank through pipe. Connect the top of the reservoir tank with the cooling system so that blues can again convert into liquid state. chill system is not necessary it depends on the temperature of surrounding area. The working of this process is that fill the spherical tank with sea wa ter. Filled spherical tank behaves handle a big, solid and powerful convex lens. This convex lens will focus on a single point with its specific alignment to the sunlight. Water will get boil after some time because of continuous heating. Then water will change its state from liquid to vapour state. These vapours will move towards the reservoir tank and the cooling system at the top of reservoir tank will again change the state of water from vapour to liquid. This liquid is purified water and can be use for daily purposes.Fig.4 Simple sea water desalination5CostThe cost of this system depends on the size of sphere. The sphere with capacity of storing 5 litres water is costs Rs. 1500.5CONCLUSIONThese are the different techniques that can be used for low cost water desalination. As far as reduction in infrastructure cost, PVC pipes can be used instead of cement pipes.It is clear from the study that ambient energy can be used for water desalination in temperate climates. In live(a)t er countries where there is more solar energy available, the potential for using the technology to produce low-cost desalination systems is even more significant.Solar still plate distillation process can be build at the roofs of the houses. handle windmill at the roof of house, this desalination process will work fine.Simple sea water desalination plant is also suitable for hot areas as it also requires sunlight to boil the water.